Thursday, February 13, 2020
Teamwork Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1
Teamwork - Essay Example Teamwork In organizations in which cohesiveness is present within team settings the members of the team display greater motivation. These employees value the time they spend with their co-workers. There is a lower employee turnover and lower absenteeism in companies with cohesive team units. A cohesive team unit is not achieved overnight; it takes time for employees to build trust in each other. It is more likely to cohesiveness to manifest itself when group members are similar in age, attitudes, needs and backgrounds (Schermerhorn, et al. 2003, p.202). Another factor that is favorable to achieve cohesiveness is to creating small size teams. The optimum size of a team is between four and seven members (Yeatts & Hyten, 1998). When a group is too big it becomes difficult to the member to build close relationships with each other, thus cohesiveness is harder to achieve. Creating cohesiveness within a team is important, but from an organizational perspective cohesiveness is only attractive if it enables the firm to a higher work performance. A way to determine if cohesiveness is adding value to a company is by measuring the match of cohesiveness with performance norms. If a specific work team has a high degree of cohesiveness, but the performance of the team has not improved over time or has declined then it is possible that cohesiveness is having a negative impact on the work output of the team unit.
Saturday, February 1, 2020
Culture and Identity Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words
Culture and Identity - Literature review Example To understand the significance of the representations of media and the culture is also the need to examine how culture and identity is defined and how this may be affected by media perceptions or conflicts. The question of how the media changed or portrayed culture through 7/7 events can then be understood by building a sense of how culture and identity fit into a given society. Defining Culture and Identity The concept of culture and identity is one that is based on perception and the way in which one interacts within society. Identity begins with an individual and how the one person understands their own realities, experiences and expressions. The personalities, behaviours and the association which one has with others become the main attributes of identity. The concept of creating labels at an individual level becomes the main component that is associated with personality and identity and changes the way that most associate with others. This begins with the psychological relationsh ip one has to the labels and the desire to be a specific identity. This mental decision then creates an attraction to specific groups and segments in society. It is the similarities that are a part of the individual and that create a relationship to others that creates the sense of culture, or belonging to a group that has the same identity (Postmes, Jetten, 12: 2006). As the concept of identity begins to form in groups, the culture is formed with specific behaviours and ideals. Physical, mental and behavioural similarities often relate to the group that has formed and which creates a culture. However, the similarity is that each individual believes there is a similarity within themselves that is reflected in the group, either physical or through behaviour. Acculturation and adaptation combine with this at a different psychological level to create a set of relationships that can work toward the same identity. For instance, religious changes, adapting to physical presence that is exp ressed by the group and associating with mannerisms are able to add into the reflection of the culture. The conceptualization of a culture from different perspectives creates the main changes that are a part of the group (Berry et al, 303: 2006). The process of building culture becomes associated with the basis of psychological relationships which are created and the defining of behaviours and interactions which are comfortable to various individuals. The reflection that is seen then becomes a part of a minority or majority group. If the comfort is from ethnicity or race, then defined behaviours are also known to associate with this. The relationship between the individual and a segment of society becomes important in defining the way in which the individual perceives their own identity and how this integrates into the building of various groups. When looking at the definition of culture, it can be seen that individual identities that find similarities integrate to create groups and segments within a given society. Communication and Culture The concept of culture and the way in which this is expressed becomes based on various levels of communication used among groups and to show identity. The communication is not only based on the language and basic affiliation with a culture. There are also purposes that are used behind the cultural connotations and
Friday, January 24, 2020
Beowulf As Christian Allegory :: Epic of Beowulf Essays
Beowulf As Christian Allegory Beowulfââ¬â¢s story is somewhat of an allegory in which he is depicted as the Christ figure. The theme of Beowulf is a contrast of good and evil which is manifest in both Christian and pagan elements; Beowulf represents good, while Grendel, his mother, and the dragon represent evil. The first monster our hero, Beowulf, faces is Grendel. Grendel is said to be a descendant of Cain. ââ¬Å"Unhappy creature (Grendel), he lived for a time in the home of the monstersââ¬â¢ race, after God had condemned them as kin of Cainâ⬠(Norton, 28). Cain is the son of Eve, the woman who bore sin into the world. A connection, however vague, can be made between the maternal relations of Eve and Cain and Grendel and his mother. Grendelââ¬â¢s mother can be considered to personify manââ¬â¢s fall from grace and Grendel himself might embody sin. Furthermore, the dragon Beowulf battles can be said to be a picture of Satan: ââ¬Å"the smooth hateful dragon who flies at night wrapped in flameâ⠬ (56). When facing Grendel, Beowulf relies on God alone to protect him, saying, "â⬠¦may wise God, Holy Lord, assign glory on whichever hand seems good to Himâ⬠(36). When Beowulf tears off Grendelââ¬â¢s arm, Hrothgar remarks, ââ¬Å"I endured much from the foe, many griefs from Grendelâ⬠(39). It could be said that the Christian foe is sin, which causes much grief. Against Grendelââ¬â¢s mother, original sin, Beowulf becomes the Christian soldier. When Beowulf struggles against Grendelââ¬â¢s mother, God grants him a precious gift: ââ¬Å"The Wielder of Men granted me that I should see hanging on the wall a fair, ancient, great-sword ââ¬â most often He has guided the man without friends ââ¬â that I should wield the weaponâ⬠(Norton, 48). This great sword is further described as ââ¬Å"a victory-blessed blade, an old sword made by the giantsâ⬠¦ the work of giantsâ⬠(Norton, 47). The sword used to slay Grendelââ¬â¢s mother is work of her ancestral giants, who were godly until they fell from grace. ââ¬Å"From (Cain) sprang all bad breeds, trolls and elves and monsters ââ¬â likewise the giants who for a long time strove with Godâ⬠(Norton, 28). Therefore, the sword was god-forged and godly. Here the hero is using ââ¬Å"the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of Godâ⬠to prevail (The Book of Ephesians 6.17, Bible). In his battle with the dragon (which may represent Satan) Beowulf is martyred, losing his life in the of the killing the dragon.
Thursday, January 16, 2020
Platoââ¬â¢s View of Justice in the Republic Essay
Having lived an extraordinarily long life (for his time), with no consistent doctrine of belief, it has become customary to divide Platoââ¬â¢s writings chronologically into three periods, Early, Middle and Late. The Republic, a collection of ten books, is thought to have been written after Phaedo during the ââ¬Ëmiddle-periodââ¬â¢ of Platoââ¬â¢s life. It is during this period that Platoââ¬â¢s philosophy becomes his own rather than a commentary on Socrates beliefs and sayings. It is important to remember that Platoââ¬â¢s time was an age of constant upheaval and it is this air of upheaval and constant change that led him to focus on his societiesââ¬â¢ failings and to put forward a structured society that puts his view of justice into practice. The main theme of The Republic is to define justice and other virtues and to put forward an idea for a Utopian city-state based on his beliefs on justice and virtue to show how these ideals could be implemented. The text takes the form of a dramatised discourse between certain characters of differing backgrounds and beliefs. The use of a dramatised debate is a useful way to demonstrate the way Plato (whose ideas are represented by the character of Socrates) would handle his sceptics. It also serves to show the development of his thought through discussion and to sceptic-proof his argument by foreseeing potential counter arguments. Plato starts demonstrating his definition by taking some popular conceptions of what justice means and whether it is better to live a just life. In book one the debate starts with a statement made by Cephalus, an old, retired self-made manufacturer. Cephalus puts forward the view that as people grow older they become more aware of religious teachings regarding retribution in the afterlife for living an unjust life and therefore monitor theyââ¬â¢re own behaviour, in the past and present: ââ¬ËAnd when he finds that the sum of his transgressions is great he will many a time like a child start up in his sleep for fear, and he is filled with dark forebodings.ââ¬â¢ He is saying that idea of justice is something that is merely a doctrine enforced by the unproven premise of damnation. If fear of an unproven afterlife is the reasoning for living a just life then the argument for justice is weak and reliant on blind faith. If an individual does not believe in ââ¬ËHadesââ¬â¢ or Hell then what stops him from acting unjustly? Continuing on Cephalus states ââ¬ËWealth can do a lot to save from having to cheat or deceive someone against our will and from having to depart for that other place in fear because we owe a sacrifice to a god or money to a personââ¬â¢. By this Cephalus means that by having ample wealth he never had the need to be unjust to anyone. He could afford to appease the Gods with sacrifice and to keep his debts paid. This first presented description of justice is flawed. Socrates gives the following example to prove this: Suppose that a friend when in his right mind has deposited arms with me and he asks for them when he is not in his right mind, ought I to give them back to him? No one would say that I ought or that I should be right in doing so, any more than they would say that I ought always to speak the truth to one who is in his condition.ââ¬â¢ Socrates, by Cephalusââ¬â¢s definition just living, was acting in a just way when he returned weapons to a maniacal friend (paying his debts). The modern day equivalent of this scenario is the United Nations returning a previously confiscated nuclear weapon to an insane and potentially violent state in full knowledge that it will be used to wreak havoc (injustice). This demonstrates that Cephalusââ¬â¢s popular description of justice is weak and potentially unjust! Later in book 1, When Socrates criticizes Polemarchusââ¬â¢ idea that man should spite his enemies, Thrasymachus puts his view forward; ââ¬ËSince the established rule is surely stronger, anyone who reasons correctly will conclude that the just is the same everywhere, namely the advantage of theà strongerââ¬â¢ . Using this idea Thrasymachus has declared that justice is the preserve of the strong and powerful. Justice is whatever the powerful dictate to the masses. He then goes on to state that it is the duty of the poor to rise up and take what they can from the rich. Socrates refutes all these ideas. He believes that the poor should accept the true justice that is imposed on them by the government. This is an idea that is crucial to the utopia he will later describe. Thrasymachus demonstrates a sophistic belief that injustice is more profitable to the individual than justice. By restating his belief that only the powerful have control over justice and successfully canvassing for a general consensus that rulers are fallible he shows that justice (as administered by the powerful) is ââ¬Ëharmful to the one who obeys and servesââ¬â¢ . This in itself makes a certain degree of sense since in our own modern times we consistently see examples of ââ¬Ëjusticeââ¬â¢ (as administered by the powerful) being non-beneficial to the weak and subservient. The most recently highlighted example would be the recent focus on Taliban-governed Afghanistan. Justice to the population of a Taliban controlled region meant harsh punishments and draconian, puritanical laws. This is what by European standards would be called unjust. If Thrasymachus had stopped his argument at this point then he would have contributed an important element to the definition of justice that we assume in our use of the word today, that which is morally correct. However as Thrasymachus is from a sophistic background (i.e. teacher of economics and rhetoric with especially capitalistic, profit driven motivations) he continues into a less popular (by modern standards) potential consequence of his argument, injustice is more profitable than justice. Through clever debate and reasoning with Thrasymachus, Plato (through his ââ¬Ëmouthpieceââ¬â¢ character, Socrates) arises at the following conclusion: ââ¬ËApparently, then, injustice has the power, first, to make whatever it arises in-whether it is a city, a family, an army, or anything else-incapable of achieving anything as a unit, because of civil wars and differences ità creates, and second, it makes that unit an enemy to itself and to what is in every way its opposite, namely justice.ââ¬â¢ This statement shows the Sophistââ¬â¢s argument to be a contradiction. It is impossible for a belief to be profitable if it simply leads to dissent amongst the parties seeking profit. It is impossible for injustice to serve anyone if it is an enemy to itself. Plato points out that for a collective of individuals to act out injustice and all profit from the act there must originally be some sort of justice present to prevent them all betraying each other, an ââ¬Ëhonour amongst thievesââ¬â¢ of sorts. The argument for injustice does not end with book one and returns briefly early in book two. At the end of book one Plato is no longer refuting suggestions on the nature of justice and is no speaking in a pro-active, positive manner. He begins to start to build his own ideas of justice. He believes justice to be more profitable than injustice describing the comparison like so; ââ¬Ëa just person is happy and an unjust one is wretchedââ¬â¢ . This conclusion is reached in the p receding lines when Thrasymachus to agrees that justice is a virtue of the soul and therefore that a soul cannot perform well if its particular virtue is faulty. There is another important argument that Plato addresses in book two, where Glaucon, the youth, returns to Thrasymachusââ¬â¢s argument with an amendment. Glaucon asserts that it is profitable for the individual to pretend to be just but live their life in an unjust manner. The idea behind this being that the individual can appear to have the virtue of justice to others without having to be burdened with the responsibilities and constraints of living a just life. To consider all of these arguments and how they are presented would take many theses and, although relevant to this essay topic, I must move on to Platoââ¬â¢s own decisions of what justice is and their implementation in his polis due to space and time constraints. Plato has argued that living justly is much more superior to living unjustly because justice breeds happiness and contentment. The next step for Plato, to state and demonstrate his own positive views on justice and why it is ââ¬Ëprofitableââ¬â¢, is to describe a city-state, a polis, which is an ideal Utopia where all citizens live in harmonious eudemonia. By using the macrocosm ofà the state he will show how justice can be implemented in the individual. Plato believes in the immortality of the soul (a consequence of nous ) and its division into three parts, which in turn are affected by ordering powers. The three parts of the soul are the spiritual, dedicated to the devotion of honour, the rational, dedicated to reason and logical thought and the appetitive, the basic appetites of the human soul such as sex, acquisitions, praise etc. which must be controlled. This is a fiercely rational and, I would argue, flawed break down of the human character. It takes no account for the emotional aspect of mankind and it is this inhuman and extremely rational view of humanity that would lead to the immediate failure of the polis if it wherever established due to some of the constraints placed on the citizens of the polis as will be seen later on. The virtues (aretai) of the soul that Plato describes in book four are wisdom (sophia), courage (andreia), temperance (sophrosyne) and justice (dikaiosyne). It is this idea of the soul that Plato will use in to socially structure the polis . The aim of this city is to make the soul is happy because all three parts of it are moderated, doing their own jobs and nothing else. This relates to Platoââ¬â¢s view of justice in the following manner. To Plato justice and injustice where to the body what health and disease are in the body. This is a beautiful analogy and is very similar to basic facets of Chinese medicine were disturbance in the mind is viewed as a pivotal cause for ill physical health, one wonders were oriental factors an influence on Plato or vice versa at this time. This correlation of classical Greek and ancient Chinese science is especially apparent in 444d of The Republic when ââ¬ËHealth is defined as the establishment of an order by nature among the parts of the body; disease as a disturbance of the natural order of rule and subordination among the parts (444d)ââ¬â¢ . This reading of Plato by Voeglin makes more sense in the context of the polis, as the disease of injustice is the divisor of peoples and the cause of discontent in society. The polis must be designed in such away that contentment is valued at a premium and corruption and vice made unnecessary and irrelevant. This has parallels with the medieval belief in The Great Chain Of Being. The Great Chain Of Being was a description of the balance of power and harmony in the world that probably was inspired by Augustinian and Platonic thought. At theà top of the chain was God who was linked to the King who was linked to his Aristocracy. If any part of a the chain was broken then the natural order of the world was disrupted. An example of how this was believed to manifest would be the mysterious change of calm weather to storms and supernatural occurrences in Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Macbeth following the usurping of Duncan. By usurping the legitimate ruler the chain was broken and chaos and disorder in the natural world ensued. Such is the occurrence of injustice in the Polis that the natural harmony will fall apart. I will now summarise the structure of the polis and hopefully answer how the distinctive roles of State and the individual maintain a just society. The state is divided into three classes, a producer class, a guardian (military/police) class and a ruling class. Later, Plato creates a new ruling class out of the guardians and calls the military/police class auxiliaries and this new ruling class guardians. The main point of this is to have each class fulfilling a need in the city and not ââ¬Ëusurpingââ¬â¢ any other person/classes role. Again there are similarities with the great chain of being. Everybody minds their own business and keeps to the plan and eudemonia will be intact. The city is based on various natural needs and recognises that harmony starts with the satisfying of life requirements. This idea is a nearly to a throw back to Cephalus who does not act in an unjust way because he wants for nothing. The development of a citizen starts with education. Students are thought a wide range of subjects from the academic to physical. Children are taught philosophy so that there ââ¬Ëwill be established within them, as in a polis, a politeaââ¬â¢ . In other words they will have the same balanced wisdom and discipline governing their souls in life with the eudemonia of the state as a living example for the individual. The education also decided what class and profession the child would fit into. Classes could be transcended as children showed an aptitude for different and subjects abilities. Once an individual was placed in his/her class they remained in it for the duration of their lives. This has distinct parallels with the education system of Ireland were an aptitude in school for the academic can raise points for a place in a college that would further train you for a position of relativelyà more power than the ââ¬Ëproducer classââ¬â¢. The most apt at philosophy and reason were sidelined for the upper two classes and had their education furthered accordingly. This begs the question of what would happen if the polis were sacked and all the ruling class slain. How could the polis recover from such an event if the lower classes are conditioned and brain-washed into believing that all they can ever be or do is be the sheep at the bottom of the chain of command? Procreation was also a stage-mannered affair. Parents deemed fit to ââ¬Ëmarryââ¬â¢ (or mate) were coupled off by what they believed to be random selection. In fact, the couples were selected for their eugenic qualities and paired off like horses on a stud. Children are taken from their parents at birth. The knowledge of their parentââ¬â¢s identity is never revealed to them nor is the childââ¬â¢s identity revealed to their parents. This anonymity was meant to promote equality between young and older generations. The child, being in full knowledge that it is from a foster family, would not be subject to family pride and would have no particular loyalties to any family as its siblings and parents would be unknown. Every elder could be addressed as father or mother as every peer could be addressed as brother or sister. With no bias towards any particular individual the harmony of the polis is further maintained. As mentioned earlier, Platoââ¬â¢s great failure from a modern standpoint is his inability to account for emotional aspects in the polis. The idea of splitting families was doomed to failure in that likenesses between siblings and parents would be impossible to disguise and some people could find out their relatives in this way. However, it could be argued that the psychological effect of not knowing ones natural family could be a non-issue after generations of people living in this way. The eugenic selection of partners makes a sense of sorts as families with undesirable inherited characteristics could be prevented from passing them on and those with desirable ones could be encouraged to mate. This is reminiscent of a quasi-nazi formula for the Aryan race of Third Reich. If one looks closerà one can see Plato using injustice to keep justice by lying about the random selection of couples. Due to the constraints of time and space I will have to conclude at this point by summarising the above. Plato essentially defines justice in the state as the three classes staying strictly to their individual roles in order to maintain a balance of responsibilities for the greater good of all. The state does this by ruling of over every aspect of an individualââ¬â¢s life from birth and plotting their destiny with the greater good of the polis to mind. It does this through education, censorship and rigorous controls. Only those with a high knowledge of wisdom (philosophy) are fit to rule as they have enough knowledge to know that justice is best for all as it is an essential virtue of the soul (dikaiosyne). Injustice is considered ignorance, as someone with a lot of wisdom could not possibly see injustice as profitable to anyone. The justice in the soul is described as the virtues (aretai) controlling the appetitive parts of the soul. In this post world war two and post ââ¬ËBrave New Worldââ¬â¢ time, it is easy to take The Republic as a strange Nazi/Taliban-esque tyrannical state on a first glance. As a state the polis would most definitely have failed. As macrocosm for justice in the individual it is unsurpassed. Its influence to this day was evident recently when it was voted best philosophical work ever by readers of the web page http://www.philosophers.co.uk. Whilst it has certain ideas that maybe questioned against the standards of modern western Europeans, it will certainly provide insight and debate on many philosophical issues for many years.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
Element Abundance of the Universe
The element composition of the universe is calculated by analyzing the light that is emitted and absorbed from stars, interstellar clouds, quasars,Ã and other objects. The Hubble telescope greatly expanded our understanding of the composition of galaxies and gas in the intergalactic space between them. About 75% of the universe is believed to consist of dark energy and dark matter, which are different from the atoms and molecules that make up the everyday world around us. Thus, the composition of most of the universe is far from understood. However, spectral measurements of stars, dust clouds, and galaxies tell us the elemental composition of the portion that consists of normal matter. Most Abundant Elements in the Milky Way Galaxy This is a table of elements in the Milky Way, which is similar in composition to other galaxies in the universe. Keep in mind, elements represent matter as we understand it. Much more of the galaxy consists of something else! Element Element Number Mass Fraction (ppm) hydrogen 1 739,000 helium 2 240,000 oxygen 8 10,400 carbon 6 4,600 neon 10 1,340 iron 26 1,090 nitrogen 7 960 silicon 14 650 magnesium 12 580 sulfur 16 440 Ã Most Abundant Element in the Universe Right now, the most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen. In stars, hydrogen fuses into helium. Eventually, massive stars (around 8 times more massive than our Sun) run through their supply of hydrogen. Then, the core of helium contracts, supplying enough pressure to fuse two helium nuclei into carbon. Carbon fuses into oxygen, which fuses into silicon and sulfur. Silicon fuses into iron. The star runs out of fuel and goes supernova, releasing these elements back into space. So, if helium fuses into carbon you may be wondering why oxygen is the third most abundant element and not carbon. The answer is because the stars in the universe today are not first generation stars! When newer stars form, they already contain more than just hydrogen. This time around, stars fuse hydrogen according to whats known as the C-N-O cycle (where C is carbon, N is nitrogen, and O is oxygen). A carbon and helium can fuse together to form oxygen. This happens not just in massive stars, but also in stars like the Sun once it enters its red giant phase. Carbon really comes out behind when a type II supernova occurs, because these stars undergo carbon fusion into oxygen with almost perfect completion! How Element Abundance Will Change in the Universe We wont be around to see it, but when the universe is thousands or millions times older than it is now, helium may overtake hydrogen as the most abundant element (or not, if enough hydrogen remains out in space to far from other atoms to fuse). After a much longer time, its possible oxygen and carbon may become the first and second most abundant elements! Composition of the Universe So, if ordinary elemental matter doesnt account for most of the universe, what does its composition look like? Scientists debate this subject and revise percentages when new data becomes available. For now, the matter and energy composition is believed to be: 73% Dark Energy: Most of universe seems to consist of something we know next to nothing about. Dark energy probably doesnt have mass, yet matter and energy are related.22% Dark Matter: Dark matter is stuff that doesnt emit radiation in any wavelength of the spectrum. Scientists are unsure what, exactly, dark matter is. It has not be observed or created in a lab. Right now, the best bet is that its cold dark matter, a substance consisting of particles comparable to neutrinos, yet much more massive.4% Gas: Most of the gas in the universe is hydrogen and helium, found between stars (interstellar gas). Ordinary gas does not emit light, although it does scatter it. Ionized gases glow, but not brightly enough to compete with the light of stars. Astronomers use infrared, x-ray, and radio telescopes to image this matter.0.04% Stars: To human eyes, it appears the universe is full of stars. Its amazing to realize they account for such a small percentage of our reality.0.3% Neutrinos: Neutrinos are tiny, electrically neutral particles that travel at near light speed.0.03% Heavy Elements: Only a tiny fraction of the universe consists of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium. Over time this percentage will grow.
Monday, December 30, 2019
Finance 455 exam Essay - 1544 Words
Name:__________________________________________________________________ Class:______________________________________ Date:____________________ Finance 455 (9:40 class) Examination 2 Monday, November 4, 2013 9:40 a.m. - 10:55 p.m. 20 Questions 100 points Form (A) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Use a pencil. The proctor is leaving at 10:55 sharp. Calculators permitted, but no sharing. Leave your ID where the proctor can check it. All questions are worth five (5) points. If there are any graphs on the test, then leave the questions from the graph blank on the computer scan sheet! Mark your answers directly on the graph! Put your test form (A, B or C) on the answer sheet. If more than one answer isâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦d. Financial statements and market-based measures have more trouble predicting bankruptcy of companies that manipulate earnings. e. Both b and c. 9. What is the most common reason that a merchant acquirer suffers a loss? a. The cardholder doesnt pay his bill. b. A merchant cant cover a chargeback. c. The card issuer doesnt pay the required fees. d. The merchant fails to pay his bill to the merchant acquirer. e. None of the above. 10. According to, Angel Investors: Who They Are and What They Do. Can I be One, Too? which of the following is or are true? A. An increase in the rate of business formation tends to be accompanied by an increase in the unemployment rate. B. Angel investors usually invest after venture capitalists. C. To be a member of an angel group, you must be an accredited investor. D. Most people agree on the definition of an angel investor. E. Both A and C. 11. The following table is a lot like Table 1 from Taparias article. The two differences are: 1) One of the items in the left column is a fake (it wasnt in Taparias article); 2) The items on the right are shuffled so that they may not match the items on the left. Financial Statements: Corporate and Personal Similarities Balance Sheet The Fake Cash Flow Statement How you explain your finances to an investment advisor or IRS auditor Income Statement Mortgage Application Footnotes to Financials Personal Tax Return ProShow MoreRelatedLaw Related Topics2685 Words à |à 11 PagesCopyright reserved Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences Department of Accounting Financial Accounting FRK 211 Exam session: Date: Duration: Total marks: Date of perusal: Internal examiners: 1st semester June 2012 8 June 2012 2 hours 80 marks 21 June 2012 Prof J E Myburgh Ms J S Goodey Ms N Pududu External examiners: Ms HC Verster Mr JJ Bezuidenhout Ms M Pollock Instructions: 1. You should answer all the questions. 2. The paper consists of eight (8) pages. 3. 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Roxy has recently completed ï ¬ ve years as the Chief Reader for the Advanced Placement Statistics Exam and currently chairs the American Statistical Associationââ¬â¢s Joint Committee with the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics on Curriculum in Statistics and Probability for Grades Kââ¬â12. In addition to her texts in introductory statistics, Roxy
Sunday, December 22, 2019
The State s Gambling Policy Essay - 2044 Words
The state is of, by, and for the people. This implies that the state is in the best interest of the people, so it s main priority should be to provide liberty for its citizens, while at the same time protecting them from foreseeable harm. In this essay I argue that the stateââ¬â¢s gambling policy should be a proactive one, that is, the state should do as much as it can to prevent problem gambling before it happens, while also preserving individual freedom. To first develop a state policy for gambling, one must understand why gambling should be legal. Gambling, in itself, is not morally wrong. It is difficult to see anything wrong with a person wagering their own property and wealth at their own expense. It should not be up to the state to decide what a person does in their free time. It is a personââ¬â¢s conscious choice to spend money at a casino, and what distinction can be drawn between gambling and going to see a movie, or attending a sports match? All of the previously mentioned events contain a transaction of money in return, receive entertainment. In fact, if one gambles with the same amount of money they would have spent on a different form of entertainment, they have the possibility of getting their money back, or even winning more. The approach a state should take is that of John Stuart Mill, and his ââ¬Å"harm principleâ⬠. The harm principle allows regular, healthy gambling as a pastime, for it does not cause harm t o others. But once someone becomes a problem gambler, the harmShow MoreRelatedWhat Should The State s Policy Be On Gambling?2136 Words à |à 9 Pagesshould the stateââ¬â¢s policy be on gambling? It is hard to walk away from a winning streak, and even harder to leave the table when you are on a losing one. Gambling, the activity of playing a game of chance for money or other stakes, is one of mankindââ¬â¢s oldest activities. Built upon the false pre-tenses that taking risks will consistently be remunerated, gambling has evolved throughout the years and still remains, engrained within the daily lives of many. Over the years the gambling industry has steadilyRead MoreThe States Policy On Gambling1416 Words à |à 6 PagesBefore discussing what the states policy on gambling should be, one must first become familiar with the definition of gambling. Gambling is defined as ââ¬Å"the activity or practice of playing at a game of chance for money or other stakesâ⬠. When people hear the word gambling, casinos, lotteries, and online gambling websites are what is most often thought of, however, these are not the only types of gambling. People can gamble throughout a variety o f fashions, such as virtual gambling on tablets or smartphonesRead MoreEssay on Harmful Effects of Legalized Gambling1644 Words à |à 7 PagesEffects of Legalized Gambling Gambling is prominent in todays society. This can be seen especially through politics. Everywhere voters are electing people to office who are pro gambling. William Thompson of the University of Nevada (1994) describes politicians by stating, Its part of the American landscape, theyll trade morality for dollars (1). In North and South Carolina, for example, the last governor election showed that the people were for legal gambling by voting in governorsRead MoreShould Sports Be Legalized?978 Words à |à 4 PagesSome jobs would also be created if online gambling was legalized. Many of the existing online gambling sites would move their operations to the United States, while other sites would be newly created in here. The jobs created would range from computer programmers to customer service jobs (Rousu). Our economy is always looking for new jobs to decrease the unemployment rate. This is a great way to lower unemployment and increase the economy at the same time. In Canada, the provinces experience additionalRead MoreShould Internet Gambling Be Illegal?1191 Words à |à 5 PagesGambling in the United States has become more than a pastime in casinos because the internet has been adapted to include online gambling. Also, gambling previously has been exclusive to adults; yet, more and more teenagers are participating in the worldwide phenomenon of fantasy sports. Personally, I have never found gambling appealing because I think that it is a waste of time and money. As it is, gambling has become a problem and will continue to grow unless something is changed. There are numerousRead MoreGambling in Intercollegiate Athletics: The Perception, Reality, and Consequences1121 Words à |à 5 PagesGambling can be found in places such as casinos, local stores, and online. Over the years, gambling has found more homes. College campuses and college sports are among the various places in which gambling is taking place. College students and more specifica lly student-athletes are engaging in gambling for various reasons. According to (Huang, Jacobs, Derevensky, Gupta, Paskus, 2007)ââ¬Å"the top 3 reported reasons for student- athlete gambling were ââ¬Å"for funâ⬠(75.6%), ââ¬Å"to win moneyâ⬠(53%), and ââ¬Å"forRead MoreProblems And Solutions Of Gambling Essay1190 Words à |à 5 Pagesconcerning Gambling and Several Solutions Gambling is a kind of recreation from ancient times and is still very popular now. In America, more than 1500 casinos are running and their profits are huge. Some cities like Las Vegas rely on casinos heavily. This essay offers a brief introduction to the casino industry and problems and solutions around it. According to a research by AGA(American Gaming Association), gambling has already been a big part of economy gains in America. They found that gambling generatesRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1082 Words à |à 5 Pagesillegal or to decide whether to legalize it. Marijuana can give off deadly or fatal actions that could to harm toward the user or those around the user. While also marijuana can be a help to the economic problems that America faces today. The Hawaii State Government should legalize marijuana because it is a non-addictive substance, it has the potential to increase tax revenue, and there are medical benefits to its use. Most Americans today believe that marijuana is a very addictive and dangerous drugRead MorePoker Regulation Persuasive Speech Outline1124 Words à |à 5 PagesPersuasive Outline Persuasive goal: Why online poker should be regulated in the states. I am persuading a question of fact, value, or policy? Policy I am persuading my audience to take action in what way? Understand online poker should be regulated and to get people to reach out to an elected official. I will focus on the following emotional appeal/need? Do what is right in a free country. I. Introduction a) Talk about how I became part of poker movement. b) On April 15th lastRead MoreThe Competition Of The Gaming Industry1600 Words à |à 7 Pagesentry that is caused by large capital investments and limited contracts. Also, the government policies have supported the gambling industry and the gaming industry in this area only have 5 other competitors. What Has Changed? In the last year, Chinaââ¬â¢s president begun to crack down on high-rollers traveling to Macau and about $46 billion of the market value was wiped from casino operators due to this (Wong, S. and Wei, D. 2016). Steve Wynn himself said that the weakness in the high-end of business has
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